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Aluminum Clad Steel Wire and Strand for Aluminum Conductors, Aluminum-Clad Steel Reinforced
Application
Manufacture of Overhead Bare Conductor, OPGW, Ground Wire,Overhead Ground wire, Messenger wire, Guy wire, Formed wire for protecting, Terminating and Splicing Transmission and Distribution lines,Shield wire Protecting Transmission lines against lightning damage fence, barber wire and hardware.
Aluminum-Clad steel Wire and Strand is used by Power Utilities as well as Formed Wire and Optical Ground Wire Manufacturers.
Standard
ASTM B416
DIN 48201
IEC61232
GB/T 17937-1999
ASTM B502-93
AS1222.2-92
ASTM B415
ASTM B502
Class
14SA 20SA Type A&B 27SA 30SA 40SA
Features
Aluminum-clad steel wire outlasts other options by as much as 200% in corrosive environments, significantly lowering maintenance and replacement costs. When compared to solid aluminum wire, aluminum clad steel wire offers tremendous savings.
Aluminum-clad steel wire overhead ground wire has excellent corrosion resistance. Its strength and conductivity remain unchanged in any atmosphere where aluminum is satisfactory, especially those known to be corrosive from industrial or atmospheric conditions.
This assurance against corrosion is obtained through the application of a thick covering of pure aluminum which provides a substantial barrier of protective metal. The minimum cladding thickness of Aluminum-clad steel wire is 10% of the radius of the wire. the cladding has a continuous, strong metallic bond to the steel core that will not crack or flake.
Aluminum-clad steel wire also provides strength greater than or equal to other overhead ground wires. For commonly used wire sizes, the tensile strength of the individual wire can approach 200,000 pounds per square inch. When used in a strand for overhead ground wire, this high strength permits greater span lengths, less sag and heavier loads under storm loading conditions.
Directly related to strength and sag performance is the lighter weight of aluminum clad steel wire. Due to its thick cladding of aluminum, Aluminum-clad steel wire is 15% lighter that a steel strand of equivalent size. This lighter weight, combined with high strength, permits aluminum clad steel wire to be installed to the same sags as steel with correspondingly lower tensions and tower stresses on the towers or supporting structures.
ASTM B416-American Standard
| Code Number | Area | No. of wires | Diameters | Weight | Rated Strength | DC Resistance | |
| mm2 | wire | conductor | kg/km | kN | ohm/km | ||
| 3 No 5 Awg. | 50,32 | 3 | 4,62 | 9,96 | 334,1 | 54,42 | 1.699 |
| 3 No 6 Awg. | 39 ,00 | 3 | 4,11 | 8,87 | 265,0 | 45,74 | 2.142 |
| 3 No 7 Awg. | 31,65 | 3 | 3,67 | 7,90 | 210,1 | 38,36 | 2.701 |
| 3 No 8 Awg. | 25,10 | 3 | 3,26 | 7,03 | 166,7 | 32,06 | 3.406 |
| 3 No 9 Awg. | 19,90 | 3 | 2,91 | 6,26 | 132,2 | 25,43 | 4.294 |
| 3 No 10 Awg. | 15,78 | 3 | 2,59 | 5,58 | 104,8 | 20,16 | 5.415 |
| 7 No 5 Awg. | 117,40 | 7 | 4,62 | 13,90 | 781,1 | 120,27 | 0,7426 |
| 7 No 6 Awg. | 93,10 | 7 | 4,11 | 12,40 | 619,5 | 101,14 | 0,9198 |
| 7 No 7 Awg. | 73,87 | 7 | 3,67 | 11,00 | 491,1 | 84,81 | 1.16 |
| 7 No 8 Awg. | 58,56 | 7 | 3,26 | 9,78 | 389,6 | 70,88 | 1.463 |
| 7 No 9 Awg. | 46,44 | 7 | 2,91 | 8,71 | 308,9 | 56,20 | 1.844 |
| 7 No 10 Awg. | 36,83 | 7 | 2,59 | 7,76 | 245,1 | 44,58 | 2.325 |
| 7 No 11 Awg. | 29,21 | 7 | 2,30 | 6,91 | 194,4 | 35,35 | 2.932 |
| 7 No 12 Awg. | 23,16 | 7 | 2,05 | 6,16 | 154,2 | 28,03 | 3.697 |
| 19 No 5 Awg. | 318,70 | 19 | 4,62 | 23,10 | 2129,0 | 326,39 | 0,2698 |
| 19 No 6 Awg. | 252,70 | 19 | 4,11 | 20,60 | 1688,0 | 274,55 | 0,3402 |
| 19 No 7 Awg. | 200,40 | 19 | 3,67 | 18,30 | 1339,0 | 230,18 | 0,4290 |
| 19 No 8 Awg. | 158,90 | 19 | 3,26 | 16,30 | 1062,0 | 192,41 | 0,5409 |
| 19 No 9 Awg. | 126,10 | 19 | 2,91 | 14,50 | 842,0 | 152,58 | 0,6821 |
| 19 No 10 Awg. | 99,96 | 19 | 2,59 | 12,90 | 667,7 | 121,00 | 0,8601 |
| 37 No 5 Awg. | 620,60 | 37 | 4,62 | 32,30 | 4170,0 | 635,43 | 0,1394 |
| 37 No 6 Awg. | 492,20 | 37 | 4,11 | 28,80 | 3307,0 | 534,85 | 0,1757 |
| 37 No 7 Awg. | 390,30 | 37 | 3,67 | 25,70 | 2623,0 | 448,09 | 0,2216 |
| 37 No 8 Awg. | 309,50 | 37 | 3,26 | 22,90 | 2080,0 | 374,67 | 0,2794 |
| 37 No 9 Awg. | 245,50 | 37 | 2,91 | 20,30 | 1649,0 | 279,11 | 0,3523 |
| 37 No 10 Awg. | 194,70 | 37 | 2,59 | 17,90 | 1308,0 | 235,61 | 0,4443 |
DIN 48201-German Standards
| Code Number | Area | No. of wires | Diameters(mm) | Weight | Rated Strength | DC Resistance | |
| mm2 | mm2 | wire | conductor | kg/km | kN | ohm/km | |
| 25 | 24.25 | 7 | 2.1 | 6.3 | 162 | 31.56 | 3.546 |
| 35 | 34.36 | 7 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 229 | 44.72 | 2.499 |
| 50 | 49.48 | 7 | 3 | 9 | 330 | 64.4 | 1.736 |
| 70 | 65.81 | 19 | 2.1 | 10.5 | 441 | 85.65 | 1.313 |
| 95 | 93.27 | 19 | 2.5 | 12.5 | 626 | 121.39 | 0.925 |
| 120 | 116.99 | 19 | 2.8 | 14 | 785 | 152.26 | 0.737 |
| 150 | 147.11 | 37 | 2.25 | 15.7 | 990 | 191.46 | 0.587 |
| 185 | 181.62 | 37 | 2.5 | 17.5 | 1221 | 236.38 | 0.476 |
| 240 | 242.54 | 61 | 2.25 | 20.2 | 1635 | 299.05 | 0.357 |
| 300 | 299.43 | 61 | 2.5 | 22.5 | 2017 | 369.2 | 0.289 |
IEC61232-International Electrotechnical Commission International Standards
| Class | 20SA | 27SA | 30SA | 40SA | ||||||||
| Type | A | B | – | – | – | |||||||
| Tolerance on diameter | Ø ≥ 2,67 mm | ± 1,5% | ± 1,5% | ± 1,5% | ± 1,5% | ± 1,5% | ||||||
| Ø < 2,67 mm | ± 0,04 mm | ± 0,04 mm | ± 0,04 mm | ± 0,04 mm | ± 0,04 mm | |||||||
| Minimum thickness of aluminium clad (% of radius) | 8% if Ø < 1,80 mm | 14% | 15% | 25% | ||||||||
| 10% if Ø ≥ 1,80 mm | ||||||||||||
| Nominal density at 20°C (g/cm³) | 6,59 | 6,53 | 5,91 | 5,61 | 4,64 | |||||||
| Resistivity at 20°C max. (nΩ x m) | 84,80 | 84,80 | 63,86 | 57,47 | 43,10 | |||||||
| Conductivity (IACS) | 20,3% | 20,3% | 27% | 30% | 40% | |||||||
| Final modulus of elasticity (GPa) | 162 | 155 | 140 | 132 | 109 | |||||||
| Coefficient of linear expansion (K-1) | 13,0 x 10-6 | 12,6 x 10-6 | 13,4 x 10-6 | 13,8 x 10-6 | 15,5 x 10-6 | |||||||
| Constant-mass temperature coefficient of resistance (K-1) | 0,0036 | 0,0036 | 0,0036 | 0,0038 | 0,0040 | |||||||
| MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||
| class | type | nominal diameter (mm) | min. tensile strength (N/mm²) | min. stress at 1% extension | elongation | torsion test (min. twists) | ||||||
| 20SA | A | 1,24 | 3,25 | 1340 | 1200 | 1,5% | 20 | |||||
| 3,26 | 3,45 | 1310 | 1180 | |||||||||
| 3,46 | 3,65 | 1270 | 1140 | |||||||||
| 3,66 | 3,95 | 1250 | 1100 | |||||||||
| 3,96 | 4,10 | 1210 | 1100 | |||||||||
| 4,11 | 4,40 | 1180 | 1070 | |||||||||
| 4,41 | 4,60 | 1140 | 1030 | |||||||||
| 4,61 | 4,75 | 1100 | 1000 | |||||||||
| 4,76 | 5,50 | 1070 | 1000 | |||||||||
| B | 1,24 | 5,50 | 1320 | 1100 | ||||||||
| 27SA | – | 2,50 | 5,00 | 1080 | 800 | |||||||
| 30SA | – | 2,50 | 5,00 | 880 | 650 | |||||||
| 40SA | – | 2,50 | 5,00 | 680 | 500 | |||||||
GB/T 17937-1999-China national standards, Guobiao standards (for AS wires)
| CLASS | TYPE | Nominal Diameter | Min. Tensile Strength( Mpa ) | Stress at 1.0% Extension( Mpa ) | Resistance at 20 ℃ ㎜²/m≤ |
| LB14 | – | 2.00<d<3.50 | 1580 | 1340 | 123.15(14%IACS) |
| 3.50<d<5.00 | 1500 | 1280 | |||
| 1.24<d<3.25 | 1340 | 1200 | |||
| 3.25<d<3.45 | 1310 | 1180 | |||
| 3.45<d<3.65 | 1270 | 1140 | |||
| 3.65<d<3.95 | 1250 | 1100 | |||
| LB20 | A | 3.95<d<4.10 | 1210 | 1100 | 84.80(14%IACS) |
| 4.10<d<4.40 | 1180 | 1070 | |||
| 4.40<d<4.60 | 1140 | 1030 | |||
| 4.60<d<4.75 | 1100 | 1000 | |||
| 4.75<d<5.50 | 1070 | 1000 | |||
| B | 1.24<d<5.50 | 1320 | 1100 | ||
| LB23 | – | 1220 | 980 | 74.96(14%IACS) | |
| LB27 | – | 2.50<d<5.00 | 1080 | 800 | 63.86(14%IACS) |
| LB30 | – | 880 | 650 | 57.47(14%IACS) | |
| LB35 | – | 2.50<d<5.00 | 810 | 590 | 49.26(14%IACS) |
| LB40 | – | 680 | 500 | 43.10(14%IACS) |
GB/T The Physical Constant of AS wires
| Conductivity %LACS | Resistivity At 20℃ ㎜² /m≤ | Modulus of elasticity (Gpa) | Coefficient of Linear expansion Kֿ¹ | Coating Thickness | Ratio of Cross Sectional Area | |
| ATT | MAT | |||||
| 14 | 123.15 | 170 | 12.0×10-6 | 3.4 | 2.2 | 13:87 |
| 20.3 | 84.8 | 162 | 12.6×10-6 | 6.7 | 5 | 25:75 |
| 23 | 74.96 | 150 | 12.9×10-6 | 8.2 | 5.5 | 30:70 |
| 27 | 63.86 | 140 | 13.4×10-6 | 10.25 | 7 | 37:63 |
| 30 | 57.47 | 132 | 13.8×10-6 | 12.25 | 7.5 | 43:57 |
| 35 | 49.26 | 122 | 14.5×10-6 | 15.4 | 10.3 | 52:48 |
| 40 | 43.1 | 109 | 15.5×10-6 | 19.2 | 12.5 | 62:38 |
ASTM B502-93-American Standard of Aluminum Clad Steel Wires
| Nominal Diameter | Calculated Cross Section Area(㎜²) | Min Tensile Strength (Mpa) | Calculated Breaking Load (KN) | Min Coating Thickness | DC Resistance at 20℃ ㎜² /m≤ | Weight (kg/km) | |
| mm | AWG | ||||||
| 2.052 | 12 | 3.307 | 1340 | 4.45 | 0.103 | 25.64 | 21.8 |
| 2.304 | 11 | 4.169 | 1340 | 5.61 | 0.115 | 20.34 | 27.49 |
| 2.589 | 10 | 5.26 | 1340 | 7.07 | 0.13 | 16.12 | 34.66 |
| 2.904 | 9 | 6.633 | 1340 | 8.92 | 0.145 | 12.78 | 43.65 |
| 3.264 | 8 | 8.367 | 1340 | 11.2 | 0.163 | 10.14 | 55.14 |
| 3.477 | 7 | 9.495 | 1310 | 12.4 | 0.174 | 8.93 | 62.57 |
| 3.665 | 7 | 10.55 | 1280 | 13.5 | 0.183 | 8.04 | 69.48 |
| 3.934 | 6 | 12.16 | 1240 | 15.1 | 0.197 | 6.93 | 80.13 |
| 4.115 | 6 | 13.3 | 1210 | 16 | 0.206 | 6.38 | 87.62 |
| 4.392 | 5 | 15.15 | 1170 | 17.7 | 0.22 | 5.6 | 99.84 |
| 4.62 | 5 | 16.76 | 1140 | 19.1 | 0.231 | 5.06 | 110.5 |
| 4.775 | 4 | 17.91 | 1100 | 19.7 | 0.239 | 4.73 | 118 |
| 5.189 | 4 | 21.15 | 1070 | 22.6 | 0.259 | 4.01 | 139.34 |
AS 1222.2-92-Australia Standard of Aluminum Clad Wires
| Diameter | Cross Section(㎜²) | Unit Length Weight(kg/km) | Min Breaking Load(kN) | Min Tensile Strength (Mpa) | Resistance at 20℃ ㎜ ²/m≤ | ||
| Nominal | Max | Min | |||||
| 2.75 | 2.791 | 2.709 | 5.94 | 39.1 | 7.96 | 1340 | 14.3 |
| 3 | 3.045 | 2.995 | 7.069 | 46.6 | 9.47 | 1340 | 12 |
| 3.25 | 3.299 | 3.201 | 8.296 | 54.7 | 11.1 | 1340 | 10.2 |
| 3.75 | 3.806 | 3.694 | 11.04 | 72.8 | 13.8 | 1250 | 7.7 |
| 4.25 | 4.313 | 4.186 | 14.19 | 93.5 | 16.7 | 1180 | 5.98 |
ASTM B 415-02 1, Tensile Requirement
| Nominal Diameter, in./mm | Size, AWG | 20.3% | 27% | 30% | 40% | |||||
| psi | MPa | psi | MPa | psi | MPa | psi | MPa | |||
| 0.2043 | 5.19 | 4 | 155 000 | 1070 | 125 000 | 862 | 102 000 | 703 | 80 000 | 552 |
| 0.1880 | 4.78 | 160 000 | 1100 | 129 000 | 889 | 106 000 | 731 | 84 000 | 579 | |
| 0.1819 | 4.62 | 5 | 165 000 | 1140 | 133 000 | 917 | 110 000 | 758 | 88 000 | 607 |
| 0.1729 | 4.39 | 170 000 | 1170 | 137 000 | 945 | 114 000 | 786 | 92 000 | 634 | |
| 0.1620 | 4.11 | 6 | 175 000 | 1210 | 141 000 | 972 | 114 000 | 786 | 96 000 | 662 |
| 0.1549 | 3.93 | 180 000 | 1240 | 145 000 | 1000 | 118 000 | 814 | 96 000 | 662 | |
| 0.1443 | 3.67 | 7 | 185 000 | 1280 | 150 000 | 1034 | 122 000 | 841 | 98 000 | 676 |
| 0.1369 | 3.48 | 190 000 | 1310 | 154 000 | 1062 | 126 000 | 869 | 98 000 | 676 | |
| 0.1285 | 3.26 | 8 | 195 000 | 1340 | 156 000 | 1076 | 128 000 | 883 | 99 500 | 686 |
| 0.1144 | 3.91 | 9 | 195 000 | 1340 | 156 000 | 1076 | 128 000 | 883 | 99 500 | 686 |
| 0.1019 | 2.59 | 10 | 195 000 | 1340 | 156 000 | 1076 | 128 000 | 883 | 99 500 | 686 |
| 0.0907 | 2.30 | 11 | 195 000 | 1340 | 156 000 | 1076 | 128 000 | 883 | 99 500 | 686 |
| 0.0808 | 2.05 | 12 | 195 000 | 1340 | 156 000 | 1076 | 128 000 | 883 | 99 500 | 686 |
ASTM B 415-02 2,Physical Constants
| % Conductivity | Density at 20℃ | Modulus of Elasticity psi | Coef. of Linear Exp. | Temperature Coef. of Resistance |
| 20.3 | 0.2381 lb/in3 (6.59 g/cm3) | 23.5×106 (162 GPa) | 0.0000072/°F (0.0000126/℃) | 0.0020/°F (0.0036/℃) |
| 27 | 0.2135 lb/in3 (5.91 g/cm3) | 20.3×106 (140 GPa) | 0.0000077/°F (0.0000134/℃) | 0.0020/°F (0.0036/℃) |
| 30 | 0.2027 lb/in3 (5.61 g/cm3) | 19.1×106 (132 GPa) | 0.0000079/°F (0.0000138/℃) | 0.0021/°F (0.0038/℃) |
| 40 | 0.1676 lb/in3 (4.64 g/cm3 ) | 15.8×106 (109 GPa) | 0.0000089/°F (0.0000155/℃) | 0.0022/°F (0.0040/℃) |
ASTM B 415-02 3, Wire Diameter Variations
| Specified Diameter, in. | Permissible Variations in Specified Diameter, plus and minus |
| 0.2043 to 0.1000,incl | 1.5% |
| 0.1000 to 0.0800,incl | 0.0015 in. (0.038mm) |
ASTM B 415-02 4, Aluminum Thickness and Resistance
| % Conductivity | % of Nominal Wire Radius | D.C. Resistance at 20℃ |
| 20.3 | 10% | 51.01 Ω·cmil/ft |
| 27 | 14% | 38.41 Ω·cmil/ft |
| 30 | 15% | 34.57 Ω·cmil/ft |
| 40 | 25% | 25.93 Ω·cmil/ft |
ASTM B 502-02 Aluminum-Clad Steel Core Wire Tensile Requirements
| Nominal Diameter in.(mm) | Stress at 1% Extension min. psi(MPa) | Ultimate Tensile Strength min. psi(MPa) | Elongation min %,10in. (250mm) |
| 0.0770 to 0.1289 (1.956 to 3.274).,incl | 175 000(1206) | 195 000(1344) | 1.5 |
| 0.1290 to 0.1396 (3.275 to 3.477).,incl | 170 000(1172) | 190 000(1310) | 1.5 |
| 0.1370 to 0.1443 (3.478 to 3.665).,incl | 165 000(1137) | 185 000(1275) | 1.5 |
| 0.1444 to 0.1549 (3.666 to 3.934).,incl | 160 000(1103) | 180 000(1241) | 1.5 |
| 0.1550 to 0.1620 (3.935 to 4.115).,incl | 160 000(1103) | 175 000(1206) | 1.5 |
| 0.1621 to 0.1729 (4.116 to 4.392).,incl | 155 000(1068) | 170 000(1172) | 1.5 |
| 0.1730 to 0.1819 (4.393 to 4.620).,incl | 150 000(1034) | 165 000(1137) | 1.5 |
| 0.1820 to 0.1880 (4.621 to 4.775).,incl | 145 000(1100) | 160 000(1103) | 1.5 |
ASTM B 502-02 Wire Diameter Variations
| Nominal Diameter in.(mm) | Permissible Variations in Nominal Diameter |
| 0.0770 to 0.0999 (1.956 to 2.537),incl | 0.0015in,(0.038mm) |
| 0.1000 to 0.1880 (2.538 to 4.775),incl | 1.5% |
